Bubble Life Temperature Sample Science Fair Projects

The purpose of this project is to determine if temperature affects how long bubbles last before they pop. Hypothesis Bubble lifespan is not affected by temperature. (Remember: You cannot scientifically prove a hypothesis, however, you can disprove one.) Experiment Summary You are going to pour the same amount of bubble solution into jars, expose the jars to different temperatures, shake the jars to create bubbles, and see if there is any difference in how long the bubbles last. Materials identical clear jars, preferably with lids (baby food jars would work well)bubble solutionmeasuring spoonsthermometerstopwatch or clock with a seconds hand Experimental Procedure Use your thermometer to find locations that are different temperatures from each other. Examples might include outdoors, indoors, in the refrigerator, and in the freezer. Alternatively, you could prepare water baths for your jars by filling bowls with hot water, cold water, and ice water. The jars would be kept in the water baths so that they would be the same temperature.Label each jar with either where you are placing it or the temperature (so you can keep them straight).Add the same amount of bubble solution to each jar. The amount you use will depend on how large your jars are. You want enough solution to totally wet the inside of the jar and form as many bubbles as possible, plus still, have a little liquid remaining at the bottom.Place the jars at the different temperatures. Give them time to reach the temperature (maybe 15 minutes for small jars).You are going to shake each jar the same length of time and then record how long it takes for all of the bubbles to pop. Once you de cide how long you are going to shake each jar (e.g., 30 seconds), write it down. Its probably best to do each jar one at a time to avoid getting confused about starting/stopping time. Record the temperature and the total time it took for the bubbles to pop.Repeat the experiment, preferably a total of three times. Data Construct a table listing the temperature of each jar and the time that the bubbles lasted.Calculate the average time bubbles lasted for each temperature. For each temperature, add up the time the bubbles lasted. Divide this number by the total number of times you took data.Graph your data. The Y-axis should be the length of time your bubbles lasted (probably in seconds). The X-axis will show increasing temperature in degrees. Results Did the temperature have an effect on how long the bubbles lasted? If it did, did they pop more quickly in warm temperatures or cooler temperatures or was there no apparent trend? Did there seem to be a temperature that produced the longest-lasting bubbles? Conclusions Was your hypothesis accepted or rejected? Can you propose an explanation for the outcome?Do you think you would get the same results if you tried different brands of bubble solution?Most liquids will form bubbles if shaken. Do you think you would get the same results with other liquids?Temperature affects the humidity inside the jars and thus how long bubbles last. The relative humidity inside closed jars is higher at warmer temperatures. What effect do you think this had on the outcome of your experiment? Would you expect different results if the humidity was constant throughout the experiment? (You could do this by blowing bubbles into open jars using a straw and recording the time it takes for the bubbles to pop.)Can you name some examples of foams and bubbles that you encounter in everyday life? You use dishwashing liquids, shaving creams, shampoo, and other cleaners. Does it matter how long the bubbles last? Do you think there are any practical applications for your experiment? For example, do you think your dishwashing liquid is still working after all the bubbles have popped? Would you choose a cleaner that didnt produce bubbles or a lather? Temperature Humidity - Things to Think About When you increase the temperature of the bubble solution, the molecules in the liquid and the gas inside the bubble are moving more quickly. This can cause the solution to thin faster. Also, the film that forms the bubble will evaporate more quickly, causing it to pop. On the other hand, at warmer temperatures, the air in a closed container will become more humid, which will slow the rate of evaporation and therefore slow the rate at which the bubbles will pop. When you lower the temperature you might reach a point where the soap in your bubble solution becomes insoluble in water. Basically, a sufficiently cold temperature might keep the bubble solution from forming the film needed to make bubbles. If you lower the temperature enough, you may be able to freeze the solution or freeze the bubbles, thus slowing the rate at which they will pop.

A Short Summary and Analysis About the Book ‘’ Pride and...

Mazhenov Dauren Student ID: 20123464 Undergraduate Foundation English 5/ ENG0005 07/11/2012 A Short Summary And Analysis Of The Book ‘’ Pride and Prejudice’’ By Jane Austen BACKGROUND INFORMATION - BIOGRAPHY Jane Austen was born in 1775 at Steventon, Hampshire in southern England, where her father was a minister. She was the sixth child in a family of seven children. The family was very close, and Jane had a particular closeness to her sister Cassandra. Although she attended boarding school for a short while, she was mostly educated at home. Both she and Cassandra were attractive and attended country parties; neither of them married, although Jane had several proposals. Much of Jane’s life is captured in the letters that†¦show more content†¦Marriage due to sensual pleasure can be seen in Lydia’s marriage. The marriage of Jane and Elizabeth are the outcome of true love between well-matched persons. MOOD The mood throughout the novel is formal and realistic to its nineteenth century setting. SOCIAL AND CULTURAL BACKGROUND A general knowledge of the social and cultural setting in which a novel is written is important, for most novels mirror the customs and values of a particular society, often criticizing it. The Hertfordshire country town where the greater part of the novel is set is Longbourn, only a mile from the market town of Meryton and 24 miles from London. The neighborhood around the Bennets is large, for they dine with twenty-four different families, only three of which are named. The Bennet’s society is drawn largely from Meryton (which is the mother’s background) rather than from the country (which is the father’s), THE LITERARY BACKGROUND Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice appeared on the English literary scene in 1813. The author had worked on its realistic style and content for more than fifteen years, for she was a perfectionist in her approach to writing. Her first novel was unlike any of the hundreds of others written at the time, which were mainly Romantic (filled with emotion and passionate) or Gothic (filled with horror). OVERALL ANALYSES CHARACTER ANALYSIS Elizabeth Bennet - Elizabeth is a spontaneous, high-spirited, vivacious, witty, and warm young lady. SheShow MoreRelatedLiterary Analysis : Pride And Prejudice 1420 Words   |  6 PagesLiterary Analysis Research Paper MLA format Minimum requirements: Pages 1-5 (Include at least one parenthetical citation for each source listed on Works Cited page.) Author/biographical writing style Short summary of 10 sentences using plot diagram Setting Major characters Theme Symbols/motifs Literary prose techniques Prose analysis Page 6 Reflections – your opinion of author novel (see your reaction journal) Page 7 Works Cited (minimum of 5 reliable sources) Felicia L. 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Frequent Innovation in Business Model

Question: Prepare a detailed report that examines the underlying reasons for the issue (the why?), how best to address the issue (the how?) and provide succinct recommendations for the business in moving forward. Answer: Introduction: Frequent innovation in business model is influencing the field of employment in business. The very foundation of employment is strengthening just because there has been continual storm of change in market in a short span of time. Researchers are apprehending that if this change precedes future market will feature job prospects that are nonexistent right now. According to Vlter et al.,2013, the roles in the workplace that are evident now will become obsolete in few years for growing influence of technology. Engineering and mathematical based fields will confront wave of demand whereas non-technical fields may need enhancing and restructuring of their roles in order to survive extinction (Garton McCulloch, 2012). Transformation in business model has largely affected the employment structure of the market and soon some jobs will lose its existence. Unemployment will create upheaval in the society. RF System PTY is a company that has recently exempted employees from their duties as job responsibilities is changing faster than one can imagine. In order to circumvent from such situations the organization has to implement some actions in order to adapt to the change that is affecting the market. What change is taking place? Demand for technical professionals and business analyst is increasing but employment opportunities for non-technical support are facing constriction. Technology revolution has already started and the machinery forces are substituting human beings. Why the change is taking place: Apparently, technology has a relevant chance of substituting human workforce as the business model is remolding quite often. Technology has become a culture that everyone wants to embrace but the combination of socio emotional and intellectual skills that human being posses is unparallel. This report is to propose a business model that will be effective for the organization and will assist RF System PTY in adapting to the change that is affecting the world. 2. Defining and framing the Issue: An organization is only successful when the leadership and the management effectively participate in problem solving and motivating the employees so that they can achieve the objective and goals (Poisson-Choisne Bertran, 2015). The management of an organization works under certain functions that help them to facilitate in a productive way. According to Fayol, the managerial function needs to supervise the subordinates and guide them to work in unified manner to achieve the designated goals. Controlling and Directing are the two important methodologies that can change the structure of an organization. According to the researchers, controlling is a measure that scales the performance of an individual in an organization (Miller, McMillan Ross, 2013). In the world of business, controlling provides the perspective to a manager as to how well the organization is performing (Messmer, et al.,2015). With the help of balance sheets, data collection report and sales report managers derives the result as to what extent their organization has been successful in meeting the standards that they had set. Employees receive appraisal based on their performance. Leading or directing function involves leading the employee towards accomplishing the organizational goal. It justifies the role of an organization head. Past records has sited that a leader who scarcely communicates with their employee has failed to understand the need of the organization and has failed to meet the organizational goals (Finch, et al.,2015). Behavioral science has helped in understanding the attributes and personality that a human being possesses and how it affects management functions. A management that supports their employees assists them in enhancing their skills by arranging training sessions for them. Researchers have justified that this management procedure has been very effective and has increased productivity of the firm that have adhered to it (Chen Wang, 2015). In contingency theory, a leadership is dependent on the changes that are taking place in an environment, scrutinizes the capabilities and demeanor of the followers, and takes action depending on that (Strau Zecher, 2013). At times, a leadership who can show his capacity in a place cannot display his skills in a different situation, as he is not a leader who performs well under contingency. This theory guides an individual to modify his thought process according to the change of the situation (Stock, et al.,2013). The theory is appropriate for the situation under condition because an organization is thoroughly dependent on its leadership. With changing times, leadership should also make some changes in his ways in order to sustain the situation by controlling the variables that may affect the environment of the organization adversely. 3. Addressing the Situation: Due to repeated changes in business model, RF System PTY is confronting issues regarding employment. Heavy influence of technology has limited the need of basic employee and increased the need of technical professionals. It is a high tech based company as result skillful workers are getting top priority. Researchers are apprehensive to the fact that by 2020, there will be mass changes in job opportunities. They are also anxious that employment opportunities in the field of manufacturing and production will fall while there will be high demand for data analyst and sales representative. To sustain this professional turmoil, education system also has to sway from their adhered track of instilling knowledge(Shijun, 2014). Government needs to restructure the educational format to enhance the skills of future generation. For corporate bodies also implementation of control is highly necessary; the managers need to analyze the market to collect data so that they can measure the performance level of RF System PTY in the market and sum up ideas to ameliorate their present sate. Leadership should provide guidance and assure the employee that the necessary modifications that the organization is embracing will not going to affect their job (Meng, 2015). For restructure the current state of organization, leadership should offer training to the employee so that they can reform their skills and perform better in future (Turner, 2014). Data and information collection can assist the manger in measuring the current position of the company in market. Controlling the environment of the workplace according to the market situation can help the organization adopt itself to the factors. Contingency theory provokes the leadership to acknowledge the ways of transforming and sustain the changes without disturbing the organizational balance. According to Griffin 2013, Flexibility is the most necessary approach that will bring equilibrium in workplace environment. According to the contingency theory, leadership should accurately elucidate the goals that the organization wants to achieve and to accomplish that what changes are necessary. RF System PTY is an engineering based firm; engineering and technical implementation is prominent in this organization. Leadership need to give strict instruction to the human resources manager in what are the criteria that candidate should comprise to deserve the proposed position in that organization (McCarthy,et al.,2013). Relying on that research the manger has to take measures that will generate productivity. Leadership needs to react to according to the demand of the situation. Style of leading has impact on the organizational struc ture that is why guidance and controlling the situation adroitly is necessary in this case. Contingency theory refers that there is no principle way of leading, leadership attributes has to handle changes and remold the organization according to it (Shafritz, et al.,2015). Controlling and directing functions are interrelated, that is why a leader and a manager of an organization should work reasonably. In order to overcome the situation they need to plan solutions to strengthen their rate of adaptability and sustainability. This will assist the human resources management of RF System PTY to designate candidate according to their skills. HR of an organization plays a very important part in contingency theory because they assist the organization in seeking candidates who are suitable for their role in the company (Van de Ven, et al.,2013). Competitiveness in market is putting pressure on the organizations to declare decisions to dismiss employees, as they are no longer appropriate for the metamorphosed environment of the company. Unemployment is not what RF System PTY support s. According to Grtsch, et al., 2013, Contingency Theory is the approach that will fortify the base of the company and aid the company by supplying the substantiality that the company needs for future market. Conclusion: The structure of the report is in order to raise conscience about the factors that are affecting the organizational behavior of RF System PTY and has supplemented it with relatable theory that will prepare it for future sustainability. It is evident that business models will be revitalized every now and then but that should not hamper the lives of the employees who are working for the organization. In specific categories, technology will replace human being but re skilling of employees can help in employee retention. Recommendations: Firstly, RF System PTY has to retain the non-technical employees by restructuring the employees, as it will help them to obtain organizational goal more effectively. The manager of the RF system needs to keep track of market and collect information and data to help the organization in training procedure of the employee. The target should be clear, so that the manager and the leadership can make the goal of employee retention possible. Contingency theory is a realistic approach that will help the organization in creating a balance by training the employees so that they can maneuver technology. The goal should be effective from 2015 onwards up to 2020 as during this time the market will be facing disruptive changes due to reinstating of business model. Reference: Chen, S., Wang, S. (2015). A Contingency Theory of Internal Reorganization: Risk and Output Management.Available at SSRN 2635835. Finch, D. J., O'Reilly, N., Foster, W. M., Dubak, A., Shaw, J. (2015, January). Predictors of Knowledge Transfer: A Biographical Analysis of Authors in Leading Management Journals. InAcademy of Management Proceedings(Vol. 2015, No. 1, p. 12901). Academy of Management. Garton, C., McCulloch, E. (2012).Fundamentals of Technology Project Management. MC Press, LLC. Griffin, R. (2013).Fundamentals of management. Cengage Learning. Grtsch, V. M., Blome, C., Schleper, M. C. (2013). Antecedents of proactive supply chain risk managementa contingency theory perspective.International Journal of Production Research,51(10), 2842-2867. McCarthy, I. P., Silvestre, B. S., Kietzmann, J. H. (2013). Understanding outsourcing contexts through information asymmetry and capability fit.Production planning control,24(4-5), 277-283. Meng, J. (2015). Ultimate Controlling and Dynamic Recapitalization.Available at SSRN. Messmer, N. W., Atkins, R., Margerm, S., Longhurst, P. W. (2015).U.S. Patent No. 9,111,330. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Miller, C., McMillan, F., Ross, D. (2013).U.S. Patent Application No. 13/748,691. Poisson-Choisne, C., Bertrand, G. (2015).U.S. Patent No. 9,120,439. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Shafritz, J., Ott, J., Jang, Y. (2015).Classics of organization theory. Cengage Learning. Shijun, F. (2014). Empirical Study on Impact of Earning Management of Ultimate Controlling Shareholder on Stock Price Synchronicity.Technology Economics,8, 014. Stock, R. M., Six, B., Zacharias, N. A. (2013). Linking multiple layers of innovation-oriented corporate culture, product program innovativeness, and business performance: A contingency approach.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,41(3), 283-299. Strau, E., Zecher, C. (2013). Management control systems: a review.Journal of Management Control,23(4), 233-268. Turner, J. R. (2014).The handbook of project-based management(Vol. 92). McGraw-hill. Van de Ven, A. H., Ganco, M., Hinings, C. R. (2013). Returning to the frontier of contingency theory of organizational and institutional designs.The Academy of Management Annals,7(1), 393-440. Vlter, M., Stahl, T., Bettin, J., Haase, A., Helsen, S. (2013).Model-driven software development: technology, engineering, management. John Wiley Sons.

Psychodynamic Theory and Person Centerd Counselling free essay sample

Counselling takes place when a counsellor sees a client in a private and confidential setting to explore a difficulty a client is having, distress they may be experiencing or perhaps their dissatisfaction with life, or loss of a sense of direction and purpose. It is always at the request of the client as no one can properly be sent for counselling. (Counselling central) By listening the counsellor can begin to perceive the difficulties from the clients point of view and can help them to see things more clearly, possibly from a different perspective. Counselling is a way of enabling choice or change or of reducing confusion. It does not involve giving advice or directing a client to take a particular course of action. Counsellors do not judge or exploit their clients in any way. ’(Counselling central). The two main therpaies within counselling that I will focus on comparing on contrasting are person centerd counselling. We will write a custom essay sample on Psychodynamic Theory and Person Centerd Counselling or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page PCT is a form of talk-psychotherapy  developed by  psychologist  Carl Rogers  in the 1940s and 1950s. The goal of PCT is to provide clients with an opportunity to develop a sense of self wherein they can realize how their attitudes, feelings and behavior are being negatively affected and make an effort to find their true positive potential  In this technique, therapists create a comfortable, non-judgmental  environment  by demonstrating  congruence  (genuineness),  empathy, and unconditional positive regard toward their clients while using a non-directive approach. This aids clients in finding their own solutions to their problems. Secondly Psychoanalysis  is a  psychological  and  psychotherapeutic  theory conceived in the late 19th and early 20th centuries by Austrian neurologist Sigmund Freud. Psychoanalysis has expanded, been criticized and developed in different directions, mostly by some of Freuds colleagues and students, such as  Alfred Adler,  Carl Gustav Jung  and  Wilhelm Reich, and later by neo-Freudians such as  Erich Fromm,  Karen Horney,  Harry Stack Sullivan  and  Jacques Lacan. The basic tenets of psychoanalytic therapy include the following beside the inherited constitution of personality, a persons development is determined by events in early childhood, human behaviour, experience, and cognition are largely determined by irrational drives, those drives are said to be largely  unconscious. This main aim of this assignment will be taking both person centred and psychoanalytic therapy and critically comparing them I will do this by giving an overview of the two therapies how they were developed, the principles they lie upon, what their relationships are based on. We will then look at how they are similar and also how they differ by looking at the skills used and how they work as therapies to come to both do the same thing which is to help a client overcome an issue in their life. Person centred therapy is based on the idea that humans have a drive to grow towards their potential and will act with the best interest to themselves, if they are provided the right atmosphere (Mcleod,2008). The direction of therapy is guided by the client with the support of the therapist. The client is always the expert on themselves if they are provided with the right atmosphere for self-actualisation to occur. The central component being the client knows best the client knows where it hurts the most. The counsellors main motive is to relate to the client in such a way that he or she can find there sense of self direction. Carl Rodgers was the founder of person centred therapy. The development stemmed from Rodgers experiences of being a client and working as a counsellor (casemore) Rodgers didn’t like the view of behaviourist that humans were organisms that react to stimuli and developed habits from learned experiences. Therefor in his work as a counsellor became increasingly uncomfortable with being â€Å"the expert† so began to develop a different view of what clients needed to experience in counselling, empathy congruence and unconditional positive regard. Rodgers proposed that human beings were always in the process of becoming rather than being in a fixed state. As humans we have the captivity to develop in a basically positive direction given the right conditions. That’s not to say that he thought people are not sometimes cruel or hurtful but every person has the tendencies towords strong positive direction. Rodgers proposed that when the conditions were growth promoting an individual could develop into a fully functioning person. Rodgers described his approach as a basic philosophy rather than a simple technique which empowers the individual and leads to personal and social transformation, grounded in empathic understanding being non-judgemental and congruent. For this reason the person centred approach is often seen as touchy feel relation and seen as soft skilled that lacks structure, sometimes said as a way of preparing the road for real therapy. However it does have a clear theory of self, the creation of distrees and the tehraputic process. It’s aims are transformational and asks the counsellor to be a human and transparent â€Å"be real†(langridge). Freud is regarded as the founder of modern psychology, developing psychoanalysis. The therapy is based on the idea that a great deal of the individual behavior are not within conscious control. Therefor the main emphasis is to help the client get to the deep root of the problem often thought, to stem from childhood. Based on the principle that childhood experiences effect our behavior as adults and effect out thinking processe, Freud belived that these thoughts and feelings can become repressed and may manifest themselves as depression or other negative symptoms. The client is able to reveal unconscious thought by talking freely aboput thought that enter their mind the analysis will attempt to interpratate and make sence of the clients experiances. Deeply burtied experiances are expressed and the opportunity to share tehase thoughts and feelings can help the client work through thease problems. Clients are asked to try and transfer thougts and feelings they have towords people in their life on the analyst this process is called transfernace the success depends on how the analysats and client work together. Psychoanalysis can be life changing if successful howver around 7 years of therpay is needed to discover the full unconcious mind . regular sessions provide a setting to explore there thoughts and make sence of them. Psychoanalytic therapy is based on freuds work of pychoanalysis but less intensive it is found to be bennaficial for clients who want to understand more about tehmselves and useful to people who feel tehir problems have affcted them for a long period of time and need reliving of emotional disstress. Through deep exploration client and therapist try to understand the inner life of the client. Uncovering the uncocncious needs and thoughts may help the client understand how their past experiances affect their life today. It can also help them to work out how they can live a more fulfilling life. Person centred counselling and psychoanalytic therapy are both off springs of two great minded people Sigmund Freud and carl Rodgers the originators of these two approaches. Freud based his framework on his medical background , Rodgers was influenced by excistential phillosphy were the person is there central role in their growth and change. Some similarities can be drawn from a comparison betwewen the two models they both want to widen the concioussness but this is done in different means. Psychonalsis aims to make the unconscious conscious and by doing this helps the person gain controle over their thought and feelings. And the person cneterd approach helps the client to overcome a state of incongruence whilst psychoanalytic objective is two seek the repressed childhood experiances. The person centerd works through the concioussness by focusing on the here and now. Kahn (1985) compares the term incongruence with psychoanalytic defence mechanism repression. To him both are the same thing but different versions. Both prevent the person from being aware of his their own feelings the onluy diffrnece being that Rodgers belives by imputing the core conditions of Two persons are in Psychological contact, The first, whom we shall term the client, is in a state of incongruence, being vulnerable or anxious,The second person, whom we shall term the therapist is congruence or integrated in the relationship,The therapist experiences unconditional positive regard for the client. The therapist experiences an empathic understanding of the clients internal frame of reference and endeavours to communicate this experience to the client. The communication to the client of the therapist’s empathic understanding and unconditional positive regard is to a minimal degree achieved. Then if thease are imputed incongruence will be shifted and psychoanalytic belive through interpretation of childhoon events repression can be acchived. Both psychoanalytic and person centred involve empathy that is applied to client and therapist, enabling the client to gain new understanding and move away from distress and towards harmony with self and others. Therefor potentially both try to increase insight and strength towards the self. Other areas that overlap are also evident simple areas such as setting bounderies, along with assessment for therapy. From the first minuite of contact both persons become aware of their own and others aims, values and lifestyle by empathic attending. Both types of therapist are warm and open minded and accepting. In both therapies the therapist is bidden to provide a non judgemental respectful attitude towords the client. Both also share a commitment to the use of silence beliving it is an effective tool for therapy commiting to listening without impediment. The similarities are strongly guided by personal growth and development both have the interest of promoting self-reflection of the client. Their interest is to promote self-reflection of the clirnt. The relationship is very important in both and the main reason for this is to gain a beter insight and clearer understanding of the client. The aim is to build a relationship built on trust honesty and reliance on one another. The relationship is crucial in both therpays as without a tight relationship there is no ground work in place for the client to feel safe to explore. Both models encourage the client to relase emotions and it is through tehase that empathy can be experienced. On the other hand psychoanalytic theory stresses the importance of unconscious procedures and sexuality as the key terms for a deep understanding of the human pychopathology. Freud thought that dreams were the best way to explore the unconscious since they are disquised as the id whishes repressed by the ego in order to escape from awareness. The goal of counselling to Rodgers is the congruence of personality acchived when the self gains access to a variety of experiances. he need for self actualization can only be atteneded to once counsellor creates an atmosphere of unconditional positive regard and empathic understanding. There are considerable diffrences between the two approaches ialthough stated that they both create a strong knitted relationship between client ancd counsellor . person centers counselling the counsellor takes on a non directice role more like a companio n rather than a leader and the client takes lead of the session were as psychodynamic counsellors take more of an authority figure in the relationship. Person centred firmly believes that the 6 core condition are necessary for change. Hoewever psychodynamic use of transference is to make interpretation to the client for effective change. Person centred would see using transference would not create a genuine relationship between counsellor and client. One of the central themes in person centred is the emphasis on the present behaviours of the client. Psychodynamic focuses on the past and how it determines the present behaviours. Pychodyanmic counsellors choose to remain neutral during a session as this encourages transference a major tool in psychodynamic therapy. McLeod (2004) points out that in person centered counselling, questions are only asked to clients when necessary and may also answer questions if asked by clients, as this was supports to create the quality of the relationship. This again differs to the way Psychodynamic counsellors work; as asking questions are pivotal during therapy as this elps to explore and build up relevant material, furthermore, it would be unlikely for a psychodynamic counsellor to answer any personal questions by the client and instead try to figure out why the question is important. Although both see the relationship as crucial each therapy maintains a diferent way to responding to the client attitudes and values. for instance defences and transferance excist in both forms but handled in different ways. For person centerdit is a requirement that the core conditions are st imuiltaneous for the therapist thease core conditions repersent an openess to self experience and to the experience of another. Rodgers belived counsellors should be egalitarian in their meetings with clinets and a major diffrence concerns pychodynamic interpretations. Appearing as all knowing and going beyond what is un-concious based mostly on theory rather than a clients spacific experiances. Thorne (1996) states that â€Å"pychodynamic therpay may go to early in interpratation to make sence to clients† Pychodynamic interpratation specifically concerns the naming of the unconcious for causeing problems that the clinet may be having. Only in the hermanutic meaning does the word interpratation make sence of things Hermeneutics applies to all persons who make sense of all situations, whereas psychodynamic interpretation in the narrow sense is the most specific ingredient of psychodynamic therapy’s efforts to make positive changes for clients. All in all psychodynamic approaches are based on freuds work based on the unconscious of the ID ego and superego which emphasis on sexual aggression. Person centerd is based on the belief that humans have unique qualities for freedom and growth beliving that we are beyond being controlled by ID ego and superego not controlled by sexual urges. The similarities between both approaches promote and guide the idea of progress and development. There main interest to promote self reflection and awarenss for the client in order to do this they effectively use communication. Both approaches are the result of hypothesis the main diffrences lie at the foundations and what is belived to work best however sometimes they meet for what may be the best too to use at the time of hearapy. prehaps what makes any thrapy work is the belief that they can work if the client wants it to work there emotional needs and expectataions I belive that theory used does play a a very important role but it is the client who has the ability to change which ever root of therapy they take they can change no matter how they recive therapy weather it be in a humanistic approach or psychodynamic because if they expect it to work it will so maybe I am more for the person cneterd view as I belive that self actualisation and awarenss is very important to be able to facilitate growth.

A Clean, Well-Lighted Place by Ernest Hemingway Essay Example

A Clean, Well A Clean, Well-Lighted Place by Ernest Hemingway Paper A Clean, Well-Lighted Place by Ernest Hemingway Paper Sadness, frustration, or discontent, however it’s put, there is an obvious difference with the characters in, â€Å"A Clean, Well-Lighted Place† by Ernest Hemingway, and their ideas of mortality and old age. The short story shows the concept of â€Å"nothingness,† displayed through a very depressing view on life. This suggesting that all people, even those who are happy and content, will eventually end up lonely, drunk, or unhappy. By allowing a reader to view this from three diverse perspectives, Hemingway is able to render how someone’s attitude of their own life can go from one extreme to another. Allowing suicide as a final option to surface for some. The story is told from a total omniscience narrator, allowing the reader to gain better knowledge of the three main characters; the two waiters who work at the cafe, and the deaf old man who enjoys looking out upon the empty street, as well as their lives outside of the cafe. â€Å"In the day time the street was dusty, but at night the dew settled the dust and the old man liked to sit late because he was deaf and now at night it was quiet and he felt the difference† (152 Hemingway). This quote comes from the second line of the story, creating a sense of theme on the idea of â€Å"nothingness†. The dust from the daytime pedestrians has settled. The dew from the late night has appeared, and here he sits in the trees shadow, sipping on his Brandy. For a lonely, old man, this clean, well-lighted cafe is a chance to escape the darkness himself. He continues to drink Brandy, hoping that sleep will come soon, allowing him a momentary get away from the empty and silent despair that has already caused him to attempt suicide once. The views in regard to the old man vary significantly between the waiters. Just because the old man is financially stable, the younger waiter believes that he should have nothing to despair. For the young waiter money and material objects are everything, so he views him with disdain because of his inability to look past the old man as a drunk who is holding him up from going home. The young waiter has a harsh view of him as well because on occasion the old man has been so drunk he walks out on his bill. The younger waiter has a different respect for time, it’s precious to him and he values t. â€Å"I wish he would go home. I never get to bed before three o’clock. What kind of hour is that to go to bed? † â€Å"He stays up because he likes it. † â€Å"He’s lonely, I’m not lonely. I have a wife waiting in bed for me. † â€Å"He had a wife once too† (153). The older you get, the more time wears down on you, and you begin to now, gr eater than ever, feel your mortality. This theme is used to help the reader understand the older mans pain and that no matter how young and confident someone is, they will eventually grow old and die. There is an apparent unity seen between the old man and the older waiter. Opposite from the young waiter, the older waiter and old man seem devastatingly lonely and worn out by life. While the young waiter is rude and insistently talks down to the old man, the older waiter defends him. He too understands and appreciates a clean, well-lighted cafe opposed to a bar or bodega. The older men understand each other without there being any communication between them. In the final line the reader is able to truly understand the older waiters view of his own morality, â€Å"He disliked bars and bodegas. A clean, well-lighted cafe was a very different thing. Now, without thinking further, he went home to his room. He would lie in the bed and finally, with daylight, he would go to sleep. After all, he said to himself, it is probably only insomnia. Many must have it† (155). The two older gentlemen have found a way of coping with their morality and old age, as well as the idea of â€Å"nothingness† that is a result of life’s hardships. Both cope in a very dignified, and graceful manners. Even though the old man is drunk, he is never disrespectful or disorderly, but yet polite and well mannered. Both show signs of previous hardships, the older waiter tries to explain he once had a wife, and the old man attempted suicide. Yet, neither of them ever lose their tempers, but instead stay calm and collected. Hemingway, Earnest. â€Å"A Clean, Well-Lighted Place†. Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, Drama, and Writing. Ed. X. J. Kennedy and Dana Gioia. 11th ed. New York: Pearson Longman, 2010. 152-155.

17 Creative Ways to Celebrate a College Birthday

17 Creative Ways to Celebrate a College Birthday Celebrating a birthday is a great chance to take a break from the usual rigors of college life. Of course, planning a birthday celebration might seem time-consuming or expensive, but it doesnt have to be. Even in the smallest of college towns, there are probably plenty of events you can turn into a birthday outing (that dont include the traditional group outing to a restaurant). Here are some ideas that can work with a variety of schedules and budgets. 1. Go to a Museum Youre in college and its your birthday - be as nerdy as you want. Head to an art museum, a museum of natural history, a local aquarium or whatever youll find most enjoyable. Museums can be a great way to take a break from the chaos of college while still doing something interesting and engaging. (Remember to bring your ID ask about a student discount.) 2. Attend (or Participate in) a Poetry Slam Whether you just want to watch or are interested in performing, poetry slams can be a lot of fun. See whats happening on your campus or in your community and enjoy a fun evening out that promises to be a one-of-a-kind experience. 3. Do Something Physical If you want to do something physical for your birthday, get creative. See if a local gym offers special classes, like aerial yoga or a ropes course you can do with your friends. Some community organizations also offer really zany classes, like bungee jumping, skydiving or even circus-training classes. Given how much you sit in class and study all day, pushing your body to its limits can be a great way to celebrate getting older. 4. Go to the Movies Catching up on the latest movies can be a fun way to spend an afternoon - or even a morning. Mix things up a bit and grab breakfast and a movie with some friends to start your birthday off in a fun, nontraditional, but still enjoyable way. 5. Head to an Athletic Game It could be a hockey game in your college town, a football game on your campus or something small like your friends intramural rugby game. Regardless, rooting for your team and hanging out with a large crowd just might be what you need for a birthday celebration. Treat yourself to something from the concession stand or pack snacks to give the event a more celebratory feel. 6. Celebrate With Some Time Alone College is fun, but there arent t a lot of opportunities to enjoy solitude. Doing something quiet - whether its on campus or away - like getting a massage, going for a long run or meditating can be rejuvenating, if not downright healthy for you. 7. Treat Yourself to Some Self-Care   Students spend a lot of time focusing on external things - class requirements, jobs, cocurricular obligations - and they sometimes forget to focus a little on themselves. Treat yourself to something that focuses on you for a change, like a pedicure and a wax or a haircut and a shave. You can even call ahead to see if your friends can make appointments with you. 8. Head Out for a Brewery Tour If youre over 21 (or turning 21), consider going on a brewery or distillery tour. In addition to learning all kinds of interesting facts about how beverages are made, youll get some free samples and enjoy an afternoon doing something that you might otherwise not have done. 9. Get a Behind-the-Scenes Look at Your Favorite Local Destination Not everyone knows that, for example, you can get a tour of major league baseball stadiums or the local zoo. See whats open during your birthday and what you can arrange in advance. 10. Go Home   Theres nothing wrong with ditching your hectic campus life and heading home for your own bed, your familys home cooking and some good ol RR. You work hard in college and treating yourself to the luxuries of home, however simple they may be, is a great way to reward yourself. 11. Do Something Quiet on Campus Planning an off-campus adventure can be stressful - not what you need on your birthday. Dont be shy about spending some quiet time on campus, going for a walk or run, journaling or hanging out in a coffee shop. 12. Do Something Romantic With Your Partner If youre dating and your partner is around, try to spend the day doing something romantic together. Sure, heading out to dinner is nice, but dont be afraid to mix it up a little, too. Head to a nearby town and go exploring. Do something new youve never done together. Make a scavenger hunt for each other. No matter what you end up doing, just enjoy each others company. 13. Celebrate at a Big Campus Party So the biggest fraternity on campus is throwing their biggest party of the year smack dab on your birthday. Just because they didnt plan it that way doesnt mean you cant take advantage of the situation. Let everyone elses hard work be your  birthday gift! 14. Spend Some Quality Time With a Few Good Friends Many people make lifelong friends in college. If you already know who these people are going to be, get em together and do something simple but enjoyable. Plan a picnic, go for a hike, coordinate a game night or spend time doing something creative together. 15. Volunteer Off Campus   Think about how you feel after you volunteer. You always finish feeling amazing, proud, humbled, energized and overall awesome, right? Well, why not treat yourself to that rock-star feeling on your birthday? Grab some friends and find a place to volunteer where you can work together and support a great cause. 16. Dont Do Any Homework You have 364 other days to focus on homework. Plan your time wisely in advance so that you dont have to do any homework on your birthday. After all, when was the last time you didnt even think about reading, writing a paper, doing a lab report or researching a project? If you plan well enough in advance, you can enjoy the day by letting your brain not even think (or feel guilty!) about completely avoiding your homework situation. 17. Do Something Creative You can easily fall into the routine of only producing creative pieces when you need to for a class or club requirement. On your birthday, however, treat yourself to doing something creative just for the sake of being creative.

Resort Maps - Business Acquisition Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Resort Maps - Business Acquisition - Case Study Example In addition, the background research reveals other issues, for example, the transfer fee of $5,000 to the franchisor, human resources, customer payments, business risks, and mode of ownership which will help in making the decision. Question B I would use the net present value methodology to determine the valuation for Breckenridge business. This is because the net present value methodology is helpful in assessing the success of the business. The net present value methodology will illustrate the definite change in the value of Breckenridge business as a consequence of taking on the business. This means that approximating the current value of Breckenridge business and anticipated profits from Breckenridge business I can evenly evaluate the financial outlook of the business and a sensible decision can be reached as to whether business will be profitable to consider pursuing. I would not need to carry out further research. There are several ways I would go about when preparing to make an offer. One, I would see a business broker. A business broker will give sound advice regarding the transaction. Two, I would talk to the clients of the business to get a feeling of the business. Three, I would talk to the owners to gain more information about the business and the reasons for selling. Finally, I would make an offer while negotiating the most suitable deal. Question C I would be willing to invest $130,000 to purchase the Breckenridge business. My basis for this decision is that there will be an extra $5,000 which will be charged to act as franchise fee payable to the franchisor upon the sale of the business, per the terms of the franchise agreement. This will also be close to the stated price of $150,000. Nonetheless, that price is fair as I will not be guaranteed that the business will enhance the price of advertising, consequently, adding more money to the bottom line. There are two conditions which I would place on the deal. One, I would demand for compensation if the level of customer satisfaction does not lead to a rise in price of advertising by $100 per space, adding more than $10,000 to the bottom line as projected. Two, the owners should offer adequate information regarding the marketplace status so as to help cement the business’ position. Question D My first offer would be $120,000. My rationale for that number is that despite the extraordinary customer satisfaction and anticipated related increase in the price of advertising, the cost of functioning over the years may have gone up and the prices of competitors may have gone down, increasing expenditure and lessening earnings. There should be significant flexibility in the negotiations. This will help in the continuous evaluation of what may be attained and what may not be workable. Also, the negotiations will have different environments and different individuals, hence the need for flexibility. Question E I would finance the acquisition in several ways. First, I would use fami ly. Family members may provide or loan the entire amount or down payment that is required. Second, I would use the SBA, via its official lenders who offer business acquisition loans. Finally, I would utilize personal funds, for example, cash savings or other investments. I would personally invest $80,000. I would not consider joining up with an investor or

Fire Department Safety Officer Week 3 - building construction Essay

Fire Department Safety Officer Week 3 - building construction - Essay Example Masonry comprise of brickwork and blockwork. Extreme heat causes masonry to expand and crack. However, this would take considerable time. Bricks are toughened by conflagration, and therefore, are able to withstand fire longer. Concrete is often toughened with steel. If the reinforcement is superficial, the extension of the steel causes the concrete to expand. The expansion causes fissures. Timber is the adversely affected by conflagration. The ignition point of timber is lower than other elements. Exposure to heat and oxygen results in incineration. Combustion starts with the charring of the surface, and thereafter, the structural integrity is compromised. Prolonged fire burns the timber to ashes. Metal is extensively affected by fire. Heat elevates the kinetic energy of the atomic configuration of the metal. The structure weakens and looses strength. At 500 degrees, it may loose 50% of its strength. Further, steel may melt slightly and warp slightly in adverse heat (Dodson,

Heat and Dust Essay Example for Free

Heat and Dust Essay The era of the Victorian women spanned 64 years and concluded several changes in attitudes. The common thinking about women in the Victorian era was that a woman? s position was limited to domestic work and the care for her children. The stereotype of the distribution of roles was women staying by the hearth with their needles whilst men wielded their swords. Women had to bear a large family and to maintain a smooth family atmosphere whereby men did not need to bother himself about domestic matters. A gentlewoman ensured that the home was a place of comfort for her husband and family from the stresses of Industrial Britain. Victorian dresses show typical excessive style elements such as V-waists, layering of trims and bell sleeves. The Victorian head of household dressed his woman to show off family wealth. Additionally, there were great differences between members of society by the end of the Queen Victoria? s reign but the most instantly apparent difference was through the garments worn. Not only the dress code symbolized the status of a Victorian woman but also the circumstances she lived in. A wealthy wife was supposed to spend her time reading, sewing, receiving guests, going visiting, letter writing, seeing to the servants and dressing for the part as her husband’s social representative. In contrast, for the very poor of Britain society it was common to wear fifth hand clothes and to eat the pickings left over in a rich household. Whether married or single all Victorian women were expected to be weak and helpless so that they looked like â€Å"fragile delicate flowers incapable of making decisions†. Besides, if a woman took a lover it was not made public because if that became the case she would be cut by society. Instead, men could amble along to one of their gentlemen? s clubs and always find a â€Å"warm welcome†. Relationships in 1887 were quite artificial. A married woman could not own property and became a chattel of the man. A divorced woman had indeed no chance of acceptance in society again. At the end of Victorian times things changed and many women adopted the tailor made garment that showed their more serious concern to be recognized as thinking beings with much to offer society beyond being a social asset for a husband. New inventions such as sewing machine or railway and the capability to use those led to new thinking and women of all classes felt the dynamic atmosphere of change as much as men. Many women joined the Fabian Society, a group of non revolutionary thinking socialists and others sought reform for more practical dress, better education, the right to take up paid work and better employment prospects.

The Impact on America of Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson Essay

The Impact on America of Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton were completely at odds in their vision on how America was to develop. Hamilton wanted to concentrate power in a centralized federal government with limited access and Jefferson wished to diffuse it among all the eligible freemen of the time. Alexander Hamilton feared anarchy and distrusted popular rule while Jefferson feared tyranny and thought in terms of liberty and freedom. Thomas Jefferson was an agrarian soul who favored popular rule. He placed his trust in the land and the people who farmed it and desired that America would remain a nation of farmers. He emphasized liberty, democracy, and social welfare and believed that the main purpose of government was to assure freedom of its individual citizens. He had a fear of tyranny and distrusted centralized power, especially from an aristocracy or a moneyed class. Thomas Jefferson favored the spread of power ranging from the federal level to state and local levels. Jefferson stated, ?I have never observed men?s honesty to increase with their riches.'; Alexander Hamilton, on the other side, distrusted popular rule and emphasized law, order, authority and property. Alexander Hamilton wanted to promote commerce and industry through a strong central government. He also would diversify American economic life by encouraging shipping and creating manufacturing by legislative directive. Hamilton also believed that a ...

Paul C?©zanne and His Influence on Cubism

Cubism can be, and has been, defined as the world's first style of abstract art. From it's lack of landscapes and foreshortening to the multitude of geometric forms, Cubist art can be quiet hard to analyze. An abundance of geometric shapes and monochromatic colors can blur the object â€Å"in focus†, and it's lack of three- dimensionality Just exacerbates the analysis process. But art wasn't always like this.Artists from the same and surrounding regions a few years prior were not creating art as abstract as the Cubists. In fact, the preceding artwork was neither abstract nor ambiguous in the slightest, so why the change? Cubist art deviated almost completely from the prior art forms, and at the forefront of this new form of art was a new way of thinking sparked by scientific findings by Albert Einstein and a Neo-limitations artist by the name of Paul CZane. CZane was born in Xix-en-Provence, France in 1839 into a wealthy family, which helped him succeed in the vicious world of art.Like most artists of his time, CZane attended college to study art, but was simultaneously enrolled at the University of Xix o study law under the command of his father. Following his dual enrollment, he enrolled in the Cadmime Issue to study paintings of artists. In the years to come, CZane experienced self-doubt, going between working at his father's banking firm and submerging himself into the critical world of art returning to Xix and going away to Paris respectively – before finally moving to Pontoons to study with Pissarro, a well- known artist. It was then that CZane realized that he was not to be accepted by the rest. 1874: the first exhibition of La Sociot Anomie Coopretire des Artistes, Painters, Sculptures, et Gravers – a group of rejected artists who soon after deemed themselves the Impressionists. CZane entered but was rejected from all of the other exhibitions except for the third. He was part of a new wave of artists who called themselves the Neo-el ementariness. L The first Neo-limitations artists were George Serrate and Paul Signal. Developed in the late 19th Century after the disbandment of Impressionist group La Sociot, Impressionists deviated from the unfinished style of the Impressionists and focused on the science of color.Their predecessors had a Ochs on color but more to convey reality through the eyes of the artist himself, objectively. Many put emphasis on the fleeting moment of time – some artists, such as Monet, used hasty dashed strokes of color on their canvas to depict such advances of time – while others focused on the perspectives of an object during different times of day – different lighting. Yet, they all had more to do with the depiction of a state of mind during an event; thus, each artist had their own personal style. The Neo- Impressionists, however, took a more scientific approach to art.They had a main Ochs on color much like the Impressionists, but, much like the Impressionists, had their own unique style. Georges Serrate was the closest of the Multimillionaires to Monet stylistically, nevertheless he differed greatly. Serrate coined his style of painting pointillism, meticulous plotting of paint in the form of monochromatic dots of equal size. 2 Scientific experiment and theory was used in Neo-limitations art, using optical principles of light and color to convey an ultimate reality. Scientifically, color occurs in the Networks Television. â€Å"Paul CZane. † Bio. Com. Http://www. Biography. Com/people/ (accessed).Philip E. Bishop and Margaret J. Man's. â€Å"The Industrial Age. † In Adventures in the Human Spirit it. 7th De. Boston: Pearson, 2014. Missiles region† of the electromagnetic spectrum, that is roughly from Mann to Mann in wavelength. Different shades of color were achieved by adding dots of pure color but of different wavelengths. The retina of the human eye is designed to average the wavelengths into one color, thus deciphe ring as a result, the divisions between objects as well: form was created through dots of color as opposed to lines. 3 Paul CZane took this technique of object simplification a little bit further.CZane never aligned well with the other Impressionist painters, so much so that he removed himself from the Impressionists in 1877 (after the third Sociot exhibition) and worked in isolation. It wasn't until almost twenty years later that CZane would publicly present his works of art. His differences with the Impressionist artists classified him as a Neo-limitations, but his style was much more radical than that of the other Neo-limitations artists. The depiction of modern life became popular during this time period and Neo-elementariness and Impressionists alike were creating work to convey such modernity.CZane, on the other hand, wanted to emphasize the difference between a painting and reality. L Techniques from the renaissance have been made commonplace thereafter. Foreshortening, the a rt of making an object smaller or larger to convey distance, for instance, was a major technique used by artists to create the illusion of distance, or the third dimension [z- axis], on a two-dimensional piece of canvas. Paul CZane felt that the use of illusionist took away from the media on which the artists paint.He abandoned the idea of perspective drawing and emphasized the flat, two-dimensional nature 0 accessed). 3 The Editors of UnicycleГdid Britannica. â€Å"Neo-lonesomeness (painting). † Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Http://www. Britannica. Com/Upchucked/topic/408661 [Neo-lonesomeness (accessed). Of canvas. Instead, subtle use of aerial perspective – usage of warm and cool colors of nature to convey the advancement and recession of objects in a painting – was common in Ccane's work; to CZane, the composition of color was the most important aspect of art. But despite this belief in color, he studied something else on which the Cubists in the years to come would base all art: the study of the armament structures of natural forms, namely the cylinder, sphere, and cone. Many times over and over, and perhaps one too many, CZane painted Mont Conservatoire after retreating home from the grueling Parisian art scene at the time. The small land mass Just outside of his small hometown of Xix, France painted between 1902 and 1904 is depicted as â€Å"[a] solid arrangement of masses and planes. What CZane had done was simplified objects, Mont Saints-Victor and the village/ town at its base, down to planes or shapes, otherwise known as reductionism. 2 He was very much into reductionism, and though he said that the composition of color as the most important, it seems as if reductionism was Just as important to him. Countless paintings by CZane during the first years of the twentieth displayed his style of reducing object to their â€Å"natural form. † La Sociot disbanded years after plethora of exhibitions due to ever-growing diffe rences in artistic outlook and, thus, style.After incessant urging by Pissarro, Monet, and Renoir – former members of La Sociot – CZane emerged from his nearly two full decades of self-quarantine and displayed many of his works. His work became increasingly popular among the public. The annual Salon des Mindpendants exhibition in Paris exhibited his work in 1899, 1901, and 1902, but the great man of Xix had an 0 2 Philip E. Bishop and Margaret J. Man's. â€Å"The Industrial Age. † In Adventures in the Human Spirit it. 7th De. Boston: Pearson, 2014. 4 â€Å"PAUL CГ?ZANE – THE CHATEAU AT MГ?DAN. † Paul CZane. Http www. Retaliatory. O m/art_appreciation/landscapes/Paul_Cezanne. HTML (accessed). Entire room dedicated to his work and his work alone in the exhibition of Salon autonomy in 1904. After Ccane's death on 22 October, 1906 due to illness, a large retrospective exhibition was held at the Salon autonomy in 1907. It was at this retrospecti ve exhibition where the young Pablo Picasso, co-founder of the next era of modern art, became enthralled by Ccane's work. It was the very shape that was most popular among works by CZane, the square, that became the derivation of the word describing the new modern art: Cubism†.At the start of the 20th Century, artists were dealing with a dilemma: how to properly depict a world changing at the speed of light. Formerly, artists were dealing with how to depict modern life Just as the Cubists were, but the change in depiction from that of Impressionists to Neo- Impressionists is going from life as people saw it (casual events) to the depiction of more personal moments with a radical change in color to convey emotion and mood. 5 However, the change from Neo-limitations art to Cubist art was much less conservative.In 1905, Albert Einstein and few other colleagues founded the theory of relativity in which Einstein stated that the laws of physics are the same everywhere and the speed of light is a constant. With this, Einstein concluded that no observer's experience of time is the same. 2 Man of this era was experiencing time more whimsically: technology is booming, the car industry is starting to take off, and more intercultural interactions were taking place. With each culture having their own idiosyncratic perspectives and thus the distortion of the truth. 6 So artists of this 0 5 Billionaire, Gallinule, and Peter Read. â€Å"Georges Braque's. In The Cubist Painters. Berkeley, Cilia. :university of California Press, 2004. 6 â€Å"Cubism: A New Vision. † www. Mad. Due. Http://www. Mad. Due/Wolfs/Academic/ Arteries/ art_philosophy/Humanities/Cubism/cubism forefronthtHTMLaccessed). tiTimeelt that they needed to depict life in their art as it was seen during their time: yshystericsskeptical, uncertain, confusing, analytical, relative, subjective. Everything is relative and subjective and so were the creations of the artists themselves. A couple of years l ater two young artists by the name Pablo Picasso and Georges BrBraque'sncountered this problem head-on.They felt that they had to depict life as such, but how were they to do that? Well, in 1907 at the Salon d'autonomyit was because of Czacane'sketch titled â€Å"The Bathers† that young Picasso became infatuated by his work. The treatment of the nude form in The Bathers influenced the nude form in PiPicassoeLesseDemolishes'Davidsonreatly. He flattened the form much like CzaZaneid and deconstructed the forms into a few planes, geometric shapes, and angles. Picasso in LeLesseDemolishesuch like CzaZanen The Bathers gave up tired traditions of modeling and foreshortening and embraced the flat surface of the canvas before him.BrBraque'spon seeing LeLesseDemolishesell into a state of shock. He disliked the techniques (or lack of techniques in BrBraque'seyes at the time) used by Picasso, but after many months looking back on the work, BrBraque'smbraced PiPicassotyle and created a wo rk of art similar to that of Picasso he titled â€Å"The Nude†. The two worked so closely together that it is said that their art was sometimes indistinguishable much like the art itself. This was the start of a beautiful partnership between him and Georges BrBraque'snd the start of Cubism. What people see Cubism as is the era of analytical cubism – analytical in that the art was supposed to be seen through â€Å"intellect†, not by the eye. The work by BrBraque'she called The HuHumanistst. 7t7thdDeBoston: Pearson, 2014. Portuguese, is essentially what Cubist art looked like for most of the period. It is a 46 1/4†³ x 32 1/4†³, oil-based painting on canvas painted in 1911. In a simple glimpse of the work, one can identify multiple natural-brown geometric shapes and planes overlapping one another. The outlining of the planes and shapes are painted in seemingly quick brushstrokes, thus, making it sketch-like in appearance.The planes make it seem that if to uched, the painting would cut due to its Jagged and rigid look, and, today, it can be viewed in the KuCountersunkn Basel. 2 This work of art is not easily discernible, even for scholars. Here BrBraque'sery vaguely and subtly aligns the lines outlining multiple overlapping planes to create an underlying triangle to guide he viewers â€Å"intellect† down the triangle to its base. It is at the peak of the triangle where BrBraque'sas places a seemingly triangular beam (perhaps a beam of light since the seem is lightly colored brown) shining down from the top right of the canvas on the peak of the main triangle.And at the beam's origin lies the letters â€Å"BAL† and the number â€Å"10,40†. â€Å"BAL† is shortened Portuguese for â€Å"dance† and 10,40 through historical analysis was evidently a drink tab. 2 And between the numbers and letters is the outlining of the basic geometric forms of a wine glass which, altogether, signifies that the setting is most probably in a bar. That same triangular beam also takes the â€Å"intellect† back to the underlying main triangle using subtle linear perspective to what seems to be a face shown in profile, the leftward most face, and directly in front of the face, the rightward most face.If one were to take this â€Å"intellect† down to the base of the main underlying triangle, one can see that there are many most overlapping planes and the colors have gone from light brown, up top, to dark brown on the bottom. A diagonal line from the leftward side of the triangle Juts down the canvas toward the bottom right to encompass (more like enentanglementif that ere a word) a circle with crossing horizontal lines which looks 2 Human SpSpiritt. 7t7thdDeBoston: Pearson, 2014. o Oe a guitar played by a person to which the face above belongs – few horizontal lines coming from the right side of the canvas toward the â€Å"guitar† gives the â€Å"intellect† a sign that th ose lines may be the performer's arms which are strumming the strings of the guitar. To emulate the fleeting affects of time, BrBraque'slaces multiple circles and horizontal lines around the aforementioned circle and lines. What can now be identified as a possible bar-room performer, is shown in multiple exposure – this is hat he/she is shown playing (giving the location of the guitar) from a plethora of angles/viewpoints.Artists of this time were well-versed in the sciences and mathematics. The belief that an artist should be knowledgeable of science and math dates back to the Renaissance. With knowledge of EiEinsteinheory of relativity and other findings, BrBraque'sortrayed this bar-room singer with a guitar in his of her most basic form in fleeting time through the usage of gegeometriclanes for form and the overlapping and repetitive patterns of planes and shapes to portray movement through time lelettingver so quickly in one glimpse.One glimpse of this work and you see an entire performance pass by before you could even discern what had taken place on that very piece of canvas. This is exactly what BrBraque'santed in fact. Through EiEinsteinnd his cocolleague'sindings, BrBraque'sonveyed his theory of relativity and space time through this work of art. 6 The value behind the object seems to be one of concern, concern for the time in which BrBraque'snd all of humanity in America and Europe due to the ever-changing and ever-increasing pace of life. Where is all of this going to take humanity?Where are all of us while this research and discovery is taking place? To BrBraque'snd other Cubists, we are right in the middle of it. Einstein defined space-time as a mesh in which the entirety of the universe in contained, not fluid in intervals of space-time, but warped and fluxed so that the change in time is variable – not 2 probable however, because Einstein is said to have said that God would never play dice with the creation of matter. 2 Time is so variable that BrBraque'sn one work of art, in one piece of space-time has portrayed this theory to hold true in that even a bar- oomomerformer is never stationary.His or her location is capricious and our perspective of the bar-room is Just as capricious as her location Just as life and our perspective of life is ever-changing with unprecedented speed due to the advancement of technology and scientific discovery. But where is CzaZanen all of this? Czacane'segacy remains in the work of the Cubists. His soul lies in the deconstruction of the form of the bar-room performer and his/her guitar. If one compares Czacane'saintings of Mont SaSaintsiVictorhe went from nearly painting he mountain exactly as he saw it to the mountain's basic underlying form: geometric shapes and planes.Czacane'snfluence can also be pinpointed in the multiple perspectives of the performer that BrBraque'sives us. CzaZaneiked to abstract art and so did the Cubists evidently. Also Czacane'seviation from perspective drawing, for which he is famously known, caught the interest of Cubists. He felt that a painting is not reality – it should not imitate reality but rather create reality we see/know it; therefore, a painting should not suggest depth or a third dimension. The surface of annovass two dimensional and so is art work that is to be put on any given piece of canvas, around which CzaZaneased his art work.He flattened space and emphasized decomposition and deconstruction of objects to twdimensionaleometric. BrBraque'snd Cubists took this and created what defined modern life as being perceived through multiple facets, confusing, fleeting, and analytical.

Analysis Of The Sources Of Disagreement

Rauch, in the beginning of his article, points out several potential merits of agricultural biotechnology such production of transgenic seeds which can counteract the effects of herbicides (2003). This could facilitate no-till farming since the use of herbicides can curtail the growth of weeds. The elimination of tilling process would prevent soil depletion and thereby drastically reduce the use of fertilizers which are harmful to humans as well as all forms of life.He argues that biotechnology could help curb deforestation, as no-till farming and increased productivity on existing tracts of land would reduce the demand for fresh agricultural land. Rauch feels that these positive developments would help preserve ecological balance. However, Altieri and Rosset cite that a lot of scientists are quite worried about the unprecedented consequences that large scale cultivation of transgenic crops can have on the environment (1999).Rauch expresses concerns about the need to feed the ever-in creasing population of the world and suggests that high-yielding transgenic crops would be the solution to this problem. On the other hand, Altieri and Rosset believe that transgenic crops need to be tested under controlled environments, before they are widely made available in the commercial market, due to the unpredictable nature of the consequences. They also believe that public organizations have not remained entirely unbiased and accurate in releasing research information regarding the effects of genetically-altered crops, due to the generous funding of private corporations.Since transgenic seeds are produced by gene transfer, antagonists of agricultural biotechnology research often refer to transgenic crops as Frankenfood. Looking at the situation from a socioeconomic perspective, he feels that biotechnology could help eliminate hunger in the Third world countries, by helping farmers increase crop production. But, Altieri and Rosset believe that poverty, improper management an d poor food distribution mechanisms are responsible for making people starve in underdeveloped nations.According their argument, biotechnology would not help the Third World dramatically since the lack of production is actually not the main reason behind their hunger. Although Altieri and Rosset agree about the potential benefits of biotechnology on some level, they are actually more concerned about the real motives of biotechnology corporations. They point out that transgenic crops developed by biotechnology corporations so far are merely aimed at earning more profits by making farmers solely dependent on their products.They substantiate their claim by citing instances from the past such as Monsanto Corporation’s herbicide-ready crops which were capable of withstanding the harmful effects of only the their own company’s herbicide, thereby forcing farmers to buy their products. Similarly, the introduction of Bt crops capable of developing an insecticide within itself f orced farmers to abandon the use of an extremely useful pesticide based on Bacillus thuringiensis.Rauch affirms that genetically-improved, drought-resistant crops would come to the aid of dry countries facing tremendous water scarcity. Rauch also empathizes with the poor socioeconomic conditions of Third World farmers and emphasizes the need for proper training. Altieri and Rosset also express their concerns about poor farmers’ plight, but charge the big biotechnology corporations of manipulating intellectual property rights to forbid farmers from reproducing and sharing their seeds which has been a tradition as old as agriculture itself.They also state that monopolization of new agricultural technologies could increase market demands for only a few specific transgenic crops, paving the way for monoculture farming and thereby inviting all its associated negative side effects. It is quite evident that transgenic crops offer a plethora of advantages. Rauch feels that this techn ology can transform agriculture as well as the lives of poor farmers and nations. Although Altieri and Rosset share these basic values with Rauch, they advocate following a more measured use of technology complimented by social and economic reforms.

Perlman, Selig. A History of Trade Unionism in the United States

Perlman, Selig. A History of Trade Unionism in the United States â€Å"A history of trade unionism in the united states† is a book written by Perlman Selig, one of the leading labor historians in the early twentieth century. The book is divided into three sections. The first part contains seven chapters that examine labor in the United States by commons and associates.Advertising We will write a custom book review sample on Perlman, Selig. A History of Trade Unionism in the United States specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The chapters in this part of the book are divided into time sections of the period between 1827 and 1896. In these chapters, Perlman seeks to examine the introduction of colonial and federal rule, citizenship, trade unionism, humanitarianism, nationalization and upheaval and reorganization. The second part of the book has the chapters 8 to 11, which look at the larger career of unionism. This part contains four chapters, which look at challenges, reformations and developments that have taken place from 1897 to the present time. The third part of the book contains the remaining chapters, 12 to 15, which consolidate several ideas proposed by the history of labor unions. This part forms a conclusion of ideas expressed in the book. It also portrays the economic interpretation, explains the idealistic factor, elaborates on the absence of an American labor party, and explains the rise of a political and economic dictatorship by the proletariat and trade unionism. This book was released after â€Å"history of labor†, a book that Perlman co-authored in 1918. The second part of the book â€Å"a history of trade unionism† was written as a continuation of the book mentioned above, to cover the period after 1897. The similarity between the two books is evident since Perlman used material that was of a similar kind to that used in the preparation of the book â€Å"history of labor†. These similar materials include original sources, for example, proceedings of trade union conventions, labor and employer papers and government reports, among others. The book is a good read as it contains a lot of special history about the recent period in the labor movement. One particular area of concern is the history of unionism in individual trades or industries, to which Perlman intends to direct the reader to additional accounts of the various phases of the subject, which he himself was out of necessity obliged to treat, though temporarily.Advertising Looking for book review on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More One concern about this book, which is similar to other books written by Perlman, is the conclusion. Like other writings, Perlman portrays American workers as being non radical. The author considers intellectuals in the US labor movement as outsiders, who aim at leading workers astray with the intention of acquiring communist visions. The motivation to write the book can be attributed to the author’s dislike of the duty assumed by intellectuals in the US labor movement. The author did not foresee the failure of business unionism, and its replacement with social movement unionism. As a result, most of the arguments by Perlman targeted at the outsider movement leaders were not true. The home grown intellectuals played a significant role in advancing the growth and development of labor unions. The views portrayed in the book are those of the author, and they may be influenced by his biases. Perlman is seen to be a racist, especially towards the Asians. As a result, his comprehension of the evolution of the labor movement may have been inhibited; therefore, shifting his focus to economics, as opposed to sociological factors such as ethnicity, race and status. Although Perlman is a significant person in the development of labor history, his theoretical blinders may have led him to centre his book on striking assumptions about the gro wth of labor unions instead of assessing and writing about the wider social, cultural and economic tendencies in play.

Wreak and Pique Revisited

Wreak and Pique Revisited Wreak and Pique Revisited Wreak and Pique Revisited By Maeve Maddox A plaintive email from a reader has prompted this post on these two misused and abused rhyming verbs: A new civil trialis poised to wreck havoc on the 100-year-old institutions reputation. Shouldnt that be wreak? And shouldnt My interest was peaked be My interest was piqued†? I see that everywhere it seems. Though peaked might be an okay substitute- it sort of means something similar. 1. Yes, the phrase should be â€Å"to wreak havoc.† 2. No, peaked is not an okay substitute for piqued. In modern usage, wreak [REEK] is a transitive verb usually followed by a limited number of object words that include vengeance, havoc, and damage. Storms are the most common wreakers. The past tense form is wreaked [REEKT]. Here are some examples of wreak being used correctly: Tropical storm Arthur expected to wreak havoc on East Coast Storms wreaking havoc across UK Northeasters also wreaked damage in 1991 and 1992. January Jones Discusses Wreaking Vengeance in the Sundance Film ‘Sweetwater’ The word pique [PEEK], as both noun and verb, has more than one meaning. The verb’s most common use is in the sense of stimulate or arouse. The past form is piqued [PEEKT]. Here are some examples in which the verb is spelled correctly: The request piqued my interest and I began what has become a continuing search for documentaries relating to the Comanches. Foreign cricket players hope to pique Lebanese interest New Study Provides Insight into How Piquing Curiosity Changes Our Brains It’s not surprising when entertainment site comments and self-published novels contain errors like these: I still have the feeling that Stavros is alive and the two of them will connect and reek havoc on Pt. Charles. It’s my understanding that you have been using him to wreck vengeance on the descendants of the clergy, and soldiers of New France because of some perceived wrong doing [sic]. I thought [Grimm] was ok. Ill probably keep watching, but the pilot didnt peak my interest right from the start. As one does expect news sources and professional publications to use words correctly, the following errors are less tolerable: Gov. Martin OMalley declared a state of emergency one day before a winter  storm  is  expected to wreck havoc  in Maryland- Baltimore Post Examiner. If  they  come from violent and abusive homes, children learn to be violentwill grow up to  wreck vengeance  on themselves and those around  them.- Social justice site. Four houses destroyed by fire and lightning as the weekends thunderstorms wrecked havoc across Britain- Daily Mail. Extremely high rain soaked [sic] winds wrecked havoc by downing trees and disrupting schools and traffic in the Bay Area- ABC News. All the teachers are engaging and do their best to peak the interest of the student.- Site advertising private school in Washington DC. Though we were enjoying a near perfect day in Oakland, hearing the name Birmingham not only peaked his interest but also placed him back on the Jim Crow bus system in Alabama.- Huffington Post columnist. Misspelling pique is perhaps more understandable than misspelling wreak because peak, peek, and pique are all pronounced the same. Pronunciation offers no excuse for mixing up wreak [REEK] and wreck [REK], however. Bottom line: Speakers who care about the language don’t require excuses for misspelling words they use in daily speech. They learn the differences. Related posts: Wreck, Wreak, and Other [rek/reek] Words Reeking and Wreaking Please, Let Your Interest Be Piqued Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Idioms About TalkingDo you "orient" yourself, or "orientate" yourself?1,462 Basic Plot Types

Headscarf Ban In France Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Headscarf Ban In France - Essay Example Though, Islam is the highest growing religion, and calculation approximately proposes that they will outnumber Christians sometime approximately by the year 2020 (Secularism 101, Online). Each religion appears to have some wisdom of the "sanctified" - counting holy texts, sacred times, and holy places. Islam is surely not extraordinary in that consideration. That which is blessed is measured particular, sacred, sanctified - understanding what a belief observes as sacred can go a long way in serving one comprehend more about the religion itself and the approach in which it compact with outsiders. Unnecessary to say, secularism had not forever been observed as a widespread good. Yet nowadays, there are many who not simply fall short to discover secularism and the procedure of secularization to be advantageous to society, but in fact argue that it is the foundation of all of society's evils. According to them, discarding secularism in errand of a more openly religious foundation for politics and civilization would create a more steady, more ethical, and eventually improved social arrangement (Cline, Secularism 101, Online). The application of hijab among Muslim women is one supported on religious principle, even though the Qur'an does not permit it. In its place, it appears from the Hadith of Sahih Bukhari. The Hadith, the "custom of Mohammed," discloses the knowledge of the Prophet to supporters. Bukhari's description of this text is normally observed as the customary one, even though plentiful versions survive. In a very extensive logic, the relation the Hadith has to the Qur'an be like the New Testament's to the Old in Christian scriptures (Hijab In The Workplace Q&A, Online) From the studies of Hadith, Prophet Mohammad said "My Lord agreed with me ('Umar) in three things... (2) And as regards the veiling of women, I said 'O Allah's Apostle! I wish you ordered your wives to cover themselves from the men because good and bad ones talk to them.' So the verse of the veiling of the women was revealled" (Bukhari, v1, bk 8, sunnah 395). One portion of the Qur'an is mainly frequently cited in maintaining of veiling. It affirms "O Prophet! Tell thy wives and thy daughters and the women of the believers to draw their cloaks close around them. That will be better, so that they may be recognized and not annoyed. Allah is ever forgiving, merciful...." (From translation of the Qur'an). The intention of the hijab, frequently worn as headscarf, is to conceal a woman's beauty. All Muslim women are requisite to be dressed in the hijab according to Islam. Except, with the exemption of Iran and Saudi Arabia, women in Muslim countries have the liberty to decide to whether to be dressed in it or not. Their husbands or fathers can never force women. The hijab is a performance of respect and shield against the immodest looks of others. When any Muslim women intermingle with others, people critic them by their intelligence and personality, not by their appearance. The hijab also assist keep them from infusing sex into whichever relations (Souheila, Online). The Hijab also assists a woman control her actions and character. With the hijab, one cannot spotlight surplus on looks,

The Milgrim Experiment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Milgrim Experiment - Research Paper Example ions as well as the growing generation of youngsters and teenagers when it comes to the factors of social influence, obedience to authority, and ethics. Social influence has always been a factor of society, and Milgram’s research into conformity is still relevant today. Children, teenagers especially, are eager to conform and look, dress, and act like each other. Peer pressure is rampant; the idea that one must ‘go along with’ the crowd in order to succeed is still felt. An important example is one that includes harmful activities such as smoking and drinking. When pressured, a teen is more likely to go along with the crowd that is smoking and drinking, believing that unless he or she follows them, ridicule and an otherwise painful life alone without any friends will occur. Though there has never been any question that the military itself is based on authority and willingness to follow the orders of those in authority, Milgram’s work is still seen in action today. In â€Å"The Milgram Experiment†, he documented the response of participants to following orders given to them and their willingness to carry them out, even when they knew that it would potentially inflict harm on others. This is seen today in the reports coming from various military sources such as the Abu-Graib prison, in which military members are still strongly asserting that they were given and were just following orders during the times that they performed acts on the prisoners that would lead to possibly severe psychological scarring. Ethics is frequently brought front and center when it deals with Dr. Milgram’s experiments. It is without question that Dr. Milgram himself had ethics; his experiments were actually designed to conclude with proof the statements of the criminals made at the Nazi war crimes hearings, in that they were simply â€Å"following orders† when they performed their crimes. During Milgram’s experiments, no actual human beings were harmed, even though those taking

Globalization and Labor Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Globalization and Labor - Term Paper Example Along with this, several other factors like the removal of restrictions and limitations over the capital flows and the trade across border, and the rapid advancement in the technology have enabled the production processes to be scattered. The number of products and services is rapidly increasing, but they are situated far away from the target markets. The production sites have become increasingly alert to the relative cost of labor across various countries. Every year, more and more people are migrating across borders, both legally and illegally. This has given boost to the process of globalization. Particularly, the labor market is becoming increasingly globalized. This matter has drawn the attention of media and policymakers towards itself, specifically in advanced economic regions. The question that is of the biggest concern from the resulting situation and that this paper aims at answering is, if the massive in-pour of labor from the underdeveloped countries into the developed co untries is damaging the employment and compensation trends in their economies? This paper will also explore the rate of growth of the labor supply across borders in the recent years and the specific channels that have played a special role in promoting the globalization of labor. These form important aspects of the aforementioned question. Increase in the supply of global labor: In order to determine how globalized labor in the contemporary age is, it is imperative that the effect of progress of such Eastern countries as India and China on the global labor supply is studied. This requires estimation of the participation of these countries’ labor force in the global market. This can be achieved by examining the ratio of export-to-GDP in these countries. The effective supply of global labor has quadrupled in the 25 years from 1980 to 2005 (IMF 162). The increase in global labor supply particularly occurred after 1990. Although most of the increase in the labor supply across the world that has occurred in the recent years pertains to the movement of workers that have not attained higher education, yet there has also been a noticeable increase in the supple of workers that have formally attained higher education. According to an estimate, the global supply of such workers has increased by 50 per cent in the past 2.5 decades (IMF 162). Advanced economies may estimate the increase in the supply of global labor merely by reviewing the increase in demand of imports, or by reviewing the trends of immigration. A comparison of countries with respect to the impact of globalization: Impacts of the labor globalization have been most significant in the European countries and the Anglo-Saxon countries. According to (New Economist), globalization has generally caused a reduction in the labor’s share in the GDP: However ...In Anglo-Saxon and smaller European countries, labour-market policies have partially offset the depressing effects of technology and globalisat ion on labour's share, mainly by shaving the tax wedge between what workers take home and what they cost to employ. In large European countries, increases in the ratio of unemployment benefits to wages have hurt labour's prospects, probably against policymakers' intentions. (New Economist). Different factors have caused the labor share to decline in the Anglo-Saxon and European countries. In Europe, the share of labor has mainly been influenced by the immigration and offshoring whereas offshoring was not